摘要：目的：類風濕關節炎(RA)和牙周炎之間的相互關聯因其共同的致病機製而被提出。已研究表明蛋白質氨甲酰化和嗜中性粒細胞胞外網狀陷阱(NETs)形成與自身免疫病(包括RA)有關，但它們與牙周炎的關係尚未闡明。 因此我們評估了氨甲酰化蛋白(CarP)和NETs的循環水平是否與牙周炎的嚴重程度相關，以及是否受牙周炎治療的影響。方法：我們進行了一項回顧性病例對照研究，其中包括40例合並牙周炎的RA患者，30例牙周炎患者以及43例無牙周疾病的健康對照，以評估Carp、NETs以及風濕病和牙周狀況的循環水平。通過口腔衛生指導和全口齦上潔治術對22例合並牙周炎的RA患者治療2個月後，用同樣的方法評估循環水平的Carp和NETs。結果：合並牙周炎的RA患者的血清CarP和NETs水平顯著高於對照組(P = 0.04、P <0.001)。在40例合並牙周炎的RA患者中，CarP和NETs的血清水平與牙周探測深度(P = 0.01、P = 0.007)和臨床附著水平(P = 0.007、P =0.001)的平均值呈顯著正相關。多因素Logistic回歸分析也顯示血清CarP和NETs水平與中、重度牙周炎顯著正相關(P = 0.03、P = 0.001)。此外，牙周治療顯著降低RA合並牙周炎患者的血清Carp和NETs水平(P = 0.03、P = 0.02)。結論：Carp和NETs的循環水平與RA患者牙周炎的嚴重程度相關，RA患者的牙周炎治療對Carp和NETs的循環水平有影響。

附原文:Abstract：Objectives：An interrelationship between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and periodontitis has been suggested due to their common pathogenic mechanisms.Protein carbamylation and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation have been shown to be related to autoimmune conditions,including RA, but their association with periodontitis has not been elucidated. Therefore we assessed whether or not circulating levels of carbamylated protein (CarP) and NETs are associated with periodontitis severity and influenced by periodontal treatment.Methods:We conducted a retrospective case-control study that included 40 patients with RA and periodontitis,30 patients with periodontitis, and 43 systemically and periodontally healthy controls to assess the circulating levels of CarP and NETs and rheumatologic and periodontal conditions. The same assessments were also performed in 22 patients with RA and periodontitis after 2 months of periodontal treatment, including oral hygiene instruction and fullmouth supragingival scaling.Results:Patients with RA and periodontitis showed significantly higher serum levels of CarP and NETs than the control group (P = 0.04 and P < 0.001, respectively). The serum levels of CarP and NETs were significantly correlated positively with the mean values of probing depth (P = 0.01 and P = 0.007, respectively) and clinical attachment level (P = 0.007 and P =0.001, respectively) in the 40 patients with RA and periodontitis. Multiple logistic regression analyses also revealedsignificantly positive associations between the serum levels of CarP and NETs and moderate to severe periodontitis (P = 0.03 and P = 0.001, respectively). Furthermore, periodontal treatment significantly decreased the serum levels of CarP and NETs in patients with RA and periodontitis (P = 0.03 and P = 0.02).Conclusion：The circulating levels of CarP and NETs are associated with periodontitis severity and influenced by periodontal treatment in patients with RA.